Improvement in telegraphic signals



2 Sheets-Sheet 1., k

P. H. STANISLAS.

Telegraph Signal.

Patented June 23', 1863.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented June'23. 1863'.

P. H. STANISLAS.

y Telegraph Signal.

Inventor.' l

. Wz'tn asses.-

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.A

y PIERRE HENRI srANIsLAs, ooUN'r DEscAYRAc DE LAUTURE, oF PARIS,

FRANCE.

IMPROVEMENT IN TELEGRAPHIC SIGNALS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 39,016, dated June 23, 1863.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, PIERRE HENRI STANIS- LAs, Count dEscayrac de Lauture, of Paris, in the Empire ot' France, have invented a new System of Signals Applicable to Nautical, Military, and other Telegraphy, which I term a Universal Analytical Grammar ofSignals, and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specin'cation.

Myinvention consists in substituting for the alphabetic transcription ot' words certain signals and separating the lexical element or the words from the grammatical element (lections, prepositions, adverbs, Ste.) of speech.

The signal tor every word (verb, substantive, Sac.) is invariably whatever may be the character the word plays in the sentence, which 'character is indicated by a distinct sep- -arate signal, which points out the case, the

number, gender, tense, mood, 821e., and forms the verbs, adverbs, adjectives by its being added to a substantive. I have reduced to a minimum the use ot such grammatical signais.

A single expression will replace several sy-l nonymous words. The simplest ideas alone are classed under signals. As to the more complex ones, I represent them by means ot' two or more signals, themselves designating plain ideas. The word barracks, for instance, I will represent by two signs or signals, signifying the one house and the other soldier.77

Y The grammatical indications and the words are designated by asingleclementary signal or letter, or are inscribed in the cases of one or more tables, each ot' them being designated by two signals or letters, one ot' which is pointing outthe column and the other the line upon which they meet in the table. The grammatical indications and some plain words may occupy a part of the table, and various vocabularies corresponding to dispatches ot' various natures may occupyin turn the rest. The use of each vocabulary is designated by a signal indicative ot' the nature of the very dispatch. lhus there would be vocabularies for political news and orders for war or commercial tidings. The grammatical catalogue would, partly at least, be common to all transmissions.

The annexed drawings will illustrate the application ot' the system. Vocabularies more detailed will require several tables, each ot' which is designated by a key preceding all the signals. The words are classed, not in alpha,- betical order, but from the nature and association of ideas they represent. The tables being translated into various languages, each dispatch is immediately reducible into those various languages.

The above method is applicable not only to such communications as are commonly transmitted by electrical telegraphy, but also to those of nautical and military telegraphies, to written correspondence, and will be readily understood by a mere inspection of the following tables. One of these tables is composed ot twenty-six elementary signals or twenty-six letters, which, taken separately, will give:

A indicates Y B indicates the first person.

C indicates the plural number.

D indicates the future tense.

. The second table contains a series of' Words, and is composed as follows:

A B C D E F V X Y Z W Write.

' In accordance with this principle, by means ofthe two above tables, the words We shall write,77 will be translated thus: BG DX D, BU bein g the two ordinates' for we, DX for to write, and D indicating the future tense.

I have in the annexed drawings, Sheet I represented a specimen table for nautical telegraph. Conformably to the principles of the analytical universal system of signals, every word is unvariable, any verb in any language is conjugated by means of the grammatical signs the indication of which may be added to that of every verb, Ste. In this table each square is divided into one hundred cases, containing each a grammatical sign or a word, each word is signalized by the key on its table, by its horizontal and vertical fiags. The ten squares having ten keys represented by ten ags include the nautical nomenclatures divided in ten chapters-viz.,.rigging, steam, working, hydrography, Src. Secrecy is obtained by any change in the order of the iags. This table maybe. folded up like a ma-p. The signs or signals for names ot' officers, places, and other things concerning seafaring matters may be inscribed on the back or reverse of the table. The suitable place for geographical signals representing the names of places is on the maps, close tothe names. next "the pendant 2 Vmay signify a harbor, a cape, a port, Ste., the first flag next the pendant 3 may indicate the nation a ship belongs to.4 Two may be requisite for that purpose. The second and thirdmay indicate the class or rank of the ship. a

The two following dispatches translated by means of the lifth table, Sheet I in the drawings,`will make the use of the tables better understood. I ordered you to hoist the loretopgallant studding-sail, and you have not done it.77 .I have on board twenty-three seamen from the brig wrecked on the Straits of Send them on shore g which are to be translated in the following manner, viz: The irst thus:

I order (preterite) you to hoist D. 101 190 47 l ol foretop-gallant studding-sail you not s [y p7 [912' l 49 perform it.

they on shore.

The first iag and so forth., as represented in the drawings, Sheet II, Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4.

The table Fig. l contains sixteen signs, expressed by two signals. The table Fig.2 contains sixty-four signs, expressed by three signals. The table Fig. 3 contains two hundred and fifty-six signs, expressed by four signals. The table Fig. 4 contains one thousand and twenty-four signs, expressed by tive signals.

In order to make the use ot' these tables better understood, I subjoin a few examples. The words represented by A will be signalzed by 1 1 1 1 2, the tirst l indicating that the words are to be found in the first square, the second 1 (one) indicating that the words are to be found in the first case in the first square, &c., the number 2 indicating that the words occupy the second division in the last subdivision of the great square. The words represented byB will be translated in the same man' ner by 243 l 1. The words represented by U will be translated by 3 2 2 l 1. The words ipresented by D will be translated by 4 2 3 4 2,

What I claim as my invention, and desire tov secure by Letters Patent, is-

Tlie within described universal analytic grammar of signals', based on the substitution for the alphabetic transcription of words of certain appropriate conventional signals, in combination with the separation of the lexical. element from the grammatical element, sul) stantially as herein specified.

PIERRE HENRI STANISLAS,

Count dEscag/mc de Lomtm'e.

Witnesses:

LAVIALLY, GEO. HUTTON. 

